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SYMPTOMS | PATHOMECHANISMS | HISTORY

History

Walter Clement Alvarez

Author: Klaus Podoll	08. March 2007
Edited by: Klaus Podoll

David B. Boles

"Dr. Podoll, The only sketches I have are small, crude ones of location and extent of visual disturbances relative to a central fixation point. I'm attaching an example. By way of explanation of the terminology used in the example, at the time I personally used the term 'reinforcement lines' for what others call 'fortification lines'. I suspect this is not what you're looking for, but let me know if I'm mistaken. Best wishes, David Boles"

(Email to Klaus Podoll, March 4, 2005)

"How could I not feel flattered in that company, even if my drawings and notes are crude! I'm passing along 6 images... Images 2 through 6 each contain at least one simple drawing. Image 1 is pure text, but I thought you might like to see it for contrast - while verbally descriptive, the format was soon abandoned for handwritten notes in which I could embed sketches. These are the full set of sketches I have been able to find, and each image includes all of the phenomenological description available for that attack. I have omitted bordering material that is purely personal. I hope you find these useful."

(Email to Klaus Podoll, March 7, 2005)

Visual field effects of classical migraine

By David B. Boles

Although classical migraine is known to produce lateralized sensory disturbances (e.g., visual "fortification" structures), its effect on higher order processes is unknown. Here four lateralized visual tasks were repeatedly presented to a single subject (the author) over a 2 1/2-year span, during both classical migraine attacks and headache-free periods. Attacks varied as to inferred hemispheric locus. All four tasks ("words," "typing," "bar graphs," and "locations") produced significant or marginally significant visual field (VF) by condition interactions, results generally consistent with a phasic impairment of function in the migrainous hemisphere. A content analysis of notes made during the attacks suggests that among other symptoms, alphabetic indistinctiveness and spatial disturbances are characteristics of left and right hemisphere attacks, respectively. Aspects of the results argue against any major influence of demand characteristics.

(Abstract from Boles, 1993)